核心规则
英语简单句以谓语动词的配价为中心。动词是否需要宾语、能否接双宾语或宾补，决定句子骨架；定语和状语可在骨架上扩展，但不能代替必要成分。
结构与例句
| 句型 | 例句 |
|---|---|
| SV | Birds migrate. |
| SVC | The room became quiet. |
| SVO | We discussed the plan. |
| SVOO | She gave me some advice. |
| SVOC | The news made us hopeful. |
| SVA / SVOA | The meeting lasted two hours. / Put the key on the desk. |
使用场景
选动词后应检查它要求的结构。explain 通常是 explain something to somebody，不能照搬 give somebody something；suggest 可接名词或动名词，不能接 suggest somebody to do。
常见错误
错误： She explained me the rule. → 正确： She explained the rule to me。
错误： The news made us to worry. → 正确： The news made us worry。
易混知识点
SVC 中表语说明主语；SVOC 中宾补说明宾语。The result remained unknown 是 SVC；We kept the result secret 是 SVOC。
总结
先根据动词确定最小句型，再添加时间、地点、方式等修饰信息。
高中 · 基本句型与动词配价
高中学习重点
高中阶段不仅要记五种基本句型，还要识别必须出现的状语。The meeting lasted 语法上勉强完整但信息常不足，The meeting lasted two hours 中 two hours 是动词语义要求的重要补充。put 则通常同时需要宾语和位置：Put the files on the desk。
双宾语结构改写时介词由动词决定：give/send/show something to somebody；buy/make something for somebody。感官和使役动词后的宾补形式还会影响语义。
小练习
- 判断句型：The audience found the lecture inspiring.
- 改错：He suggested me to take a break.
- 改写：She bought her brother a dictionary.（使用介词）
参考答案
- SVOC。
- 改为
He suggested that I take a break或He suggested taking a break。 - She bought a dictionary for her brother。