核心规则
现在完成进行时由 have/has been + doing 构成，连接过去与现在，同时突出动作的持续、重复或过程性。动作可能仍在继续，也可能刚结束但结果仍可观察。
结构与例句
We have been waiting for an hour。She has been practicing every day this month。Your hands are dirty—have you been painting?
它常与 for、since、all day、recently、lately 等时间表达连用，但关键仍是说话人关注过程而非完成数量。
使用场景
若动词表示持续活动并强调时长或投入，常用完成进行时；若强调完成结果、次数或状态，常用现在完成时：I have written three pages；I have been writing for three hours。
常见错误
错误： I have been knowing her for years. → 正确： I have known her for years。
错误： She has been finishing two reports. → 强调完成数量时写 She has finished two reports。
易混知识点
某些持续动词两种形式都可用：I have lived / have been living here for ten years。前者较中性，后者更突出持续过程或暂时性。
总结
连接过去和现在后，再判断焦点是结果数量还是持续过程；过程优先时用 have been doing。
选择性必修 · 持续过程与当前证据
高中学习重点
现在完成进行时既可表示未结束的持续，也可根据当前证据推断刚发生的活动。比较 It has rained（强调发生或结果）与 It has been raining（强调一段持续降雨，地面湿等证据仍在）。
完成进行时一般不用于状态动词，也不适合强调精确完成次数。否定形式有时强调预期中的活动一直没有发生：I haven't been sleeping well lately。
小练习
- 填空：She ___ (study) since early morning and needs a break.
- 选择：I have read / have been reading five articles today.
- 根据证据补句：His clothes are covered in paint. He ___ the wall.
参考答案
has been studying。have read，强调完成数量。has been painting。